Engine swap

Not easily.

There doesn't appear to be ANY compatibility between an older Taurus subframe and the newest MKZ's subframe. Any such engine swap would be all custom fab work.

This swap would cost you at least 10x the value of your car. Probably a lot more.

Yeah, but think of the street cred OP would have with his old Taurus POS with a bizarrely expensive engine swap. Guaranteed to be a one of a kind!

With the right amount of money you could do just about anything. Your best bet to get more power into your Bull would be a V8 motor out of a Taurus SHO. You'll want to have the transmission beefed up when you do. If you want to keep the same transmission, you can get a 4.6L 'tec motor from a fwd Lincoln Continental. Same frame, same transmissions. You'll need to do a little fabrication and computer wiring, but it'd be much less than your suggested idea.

The SHO V-8 would be not a good idea. Those engines are hard to find and most of the parts have long been obsolete. Also they had issues with the cam sprockets coming loose at the cam shafts.

Those engines are quite easy to find if you follow any of the Taurus forums or check with the speciality dismantlers. Yes, you'd want to have the sprocket welded (you'll often note this with an engine being sold by an informed enthusiast) but the parts are abundant and available new or used.

Personally, I'd do the transplant from a 00-02 Lincoln Continental. It uses the same transmission, and will bolt right in. As noted, you'll need to do some wiring work, and you'll want to have the transmission beefed up quite a bit. You noted your Vulcan motor puts out 155 hp. An unmodified Intech 32V DOHC 4.6L puts out 275 HP and 275 ft/lbs of torque. The nice thing about these motors are their reliability and a lot of used ones come from older adult driven cars.